AD Classics: Robin Hood Gardens / Alison and Peter Smithson (2024)

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  • Written by Sofia Balters

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Apartments

London, United Kingdom

  • Architects: Alison and Peter Smithson

  • Year: 1972

Text description provided by the architects. Robin Hood Gardens is a social housing complex in East London in the residential area of Poplar. It was designed by architects Alison and Peter Smithson and completed in 1972. The Brutalist buildings stand as an example of the Smithsons’ theories in practice. Practices that today face an uncertain future.

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Robin Hood Gardens was built in post-war Britain when residential towers were being built as a symbol of progress after the war. Many were developed with concrete in the Brutalist style including Robin Hood Gardens and the nearby Balfron Tower.

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Photo by Chris Guy - http://www.flickr.com/photos/pixelhut/

Built within a decade of one another, the two buildings stand today with one major difference. The Balfron Tower’s status as a listed building protects it from demolition as an important architectural work, whereas Robin Hood Gardens has been denied.

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Photo by Steve Cadman - http://www.flickr.com/photos/stevecadman/

By the 1970s British architects Alison and Peter Smithson had established themselves as leaders in post-war architecture. They had built a handful of their designs prior to Robin Hood Gardens, including the Economist Building, and were well know theorists. The Smithsons’ preached modern architecture designed with low cost, and easily available materials.

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Photo by John Levett - http://www.flickr.com/photos/joseph_beuys_hat/

They were categorized as Brutalists, and sought for each building to be designed according to its location and its use. From these ideals also came their utilitarian aesthetic, reflecting all of these conditions in their buildings’ form.

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Robin Hood Gardens was built with panels of pre-cast concrete and is comprised of two horizontal structures which include a total of 213 apartments. There are one and two story apartments in both buildings, which bend slightly inwards, hugging the urban garden between them. In order to allow in more southern light, one of the buildings is ten stories high, while the other is seven stories.

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Photo by Amanda Vincent-Rous - http://www.flickr.com/photos/51746218@N03/

The garden is the center includes a rising hill created by the remnants from construction. This communal space for the residents is an essential part of Robin Hood Gardens for the Smithsons who were intent on improving people’s lives through design. Robin Hood Gardens was seen as their chance to prove this vision for progressive social housing.

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Photo by nothingtoseehere - http://www.flickr.com/photos/nothingtoseehere/

Another example of the Smithsons’ social intentions is integrated through the concept of “streets in the sky.” Every third level of the buildings includes a wide concrete balcony jutting off towards the center of the site, overlooking the garden. The balconies are wide enough for multiple people to walk and for children to play. They were proposed by the Smithsons as a new neighborhood street for these housing units.

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Photo by John Levett - http://www.flickr.com/photos/joseph_beuys_hat/

From the beginning, Robin Hood Gardens has been at the center of a debate concerning its success. Initially, structural issues raised the cost of the building. Once lived in, critics blamed crime within the buildings on the Smithsons’ design, but there have been many issues contributing to the less than ideal conditions of Robin Hood Gardens today.

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A serious denial in upkeep has made the apartments less desirable places to live, and developers are eager to demolish the buildings in order to expand their own visions of the future. If London intends to keep Robin Hood Gardens it will need to invest in renovations to liven the building, but renovations would come at a much lower cost than the current plan to demolish it.

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Photo by John Levett - http://www.flickr.com/photos/joseph_beuys_hat/

No matter the final outcome, Robin Hood Gardens embodies Alison and Peter Smithsons’ vision for a new form of social housing. With both successes and failures within its concrete walls, the Smithsons’ radical vision will always exist within Robin Hood Gardens. It is an undeniably important piece of Great Britain’s architectural history and a monument of British modernism.

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Photo by Chris Skovgaard - http://www.flickr.com/photos/chrskovgaard/

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AD Classics: Robin Hood Gardens / Alison and Peter Smithson (30)

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AD Classics: Robin Hood Gardens / Alison and Peter Smithson (31)

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Cite: Sofia Balters. "AD Classics: Robin Hood Gardens / Alison and Peter Smithson" 18 Aug 2011. ArchDaily. Accessed . <https://www.archdaily.com/150629/ad-classics-robin-hood-gardens-alison-and-peter-smithson&gt ISSN 0719-8884

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AD Classics: Robin Hood Gardens / Alison and Peter Smithson (2024)

FAQs

What was the problem with Robin Hood Gardens? ›

Unfortunately, the deep-set social issues the site was to house complicated the realisation of the project. Essentially a sink estate, Robin Hood Gardens suffered from widespread vandalism and crime.

What replaced Robin Hood Gardens? ›

Swan Housing Association was selected, with a plan to replace the current estate of 252 homes with up to 1,700, of which 700 would be for social housing and shared ownership. It would also include open space, community facilities, and better connections to the surrounding area.

When was Robin Hood Gardens demolished? ›

In August 2017, bulldozers moved in to begin the demolition of both blocks, whose residents have been relocated in successive operations – the last one concluded just a few weeks before the works began.

Why was Robin Hood Gardens built? ›

Robin Hood Gardens was the culmination of their research on and vision for social housing. It is distinctive for its noise-reducing features, like exterior concrete fins, and for its elevated walkways, known as 'streets in the sky', intended to foster interaction between neighbours.

Is there any truth to the Robin Hood story? ›

There is no historical proof that Robin Hood ever existed outside the imagination of a succession of English writers and film makers. Even the Great Oak in Sherwood Forrest, where Robin and his Merry Men were supposed to have been able to hide, would have been a mere sapling when they were supposed to have been alive.

Was Robin of Loxley a real person? ›

Robin Hood is a legend. Loxley is a place-name in southern Yorkshire. Robin was a common contemporary name and “hood” was a word used for thief, so there were many Robin Hood's in England during the 1200's and 1300's.

Who is the new Robin Hood? ›

Robin Hood stars Taron Egerton and Jamie Foxx take on the roles of Robin Hood and Little John, and share how their new movie re-envisions a classic tale.

Why did they change Robin Hood? ›

Instead, Sean Maguire took his place and played the character until Robin's death in season 5's episode “Last Rides”. Speaking to TVLine in 2013, Adam Horowitz explained Tom Ellis was unavailable to return for season 3 and so Sean Maguire was brought in, as Robin Hood was planned for a recurring arc.

Where is the real Robin Hood buried? ›

Robin Hood's Grave is the name given to a monument in Kirklees Park Estate, West Yorkshire, England, near the now-ruined Kirklees Priory. It is alleged to be the burial place of English folk hero Robin Hood.

Where did the real Robin Hood live? ›

One certain fact is that he was a North Country man, with his traditional haunts as an outlaw in Sherwood Forest and a coastal refuge at Robin Hood's Bay in Yorkshire.

Where was Robin Hood killed? ›

The 1786 version features an extended title of "Robin Hood's death and burial: shewing how he was taken ill, and how he went to his cousin at Kirkley Hall, who let him blood, which was the cause of his death." There are several variants of this later version, but the differences are mostly minor.

What wood did Robin Hood live in? ›

Robin in (and out of) the Forest

The most obvious is the Major Oak, rumoured to have been Robin's hiding place, as he tried to escape the Sheriff. Outside of the forest is the parish church at Edwinstowe – St. Mary's – where Robin and Maid Marian were said to have married.

Why is Robin Hood so famous? ›

A rebel. A revolutionary. An icon.

Nottingham's famous outlaw truly is the stuff of legend. An international icon of English folklore whose name is known all around the world. A charismatic and defiant defender of the poor, Robin Hood continues to inspire and entertain new generations to this day.

Has Robin Hood Gardens been demolished? ›

It is currently partially demolished and a chunk of its ruins has been acquired by the V&A museum. Alison and Peter Smithson were prominent architects and urbanists in the second half of the twentieth century who pioneered Brutalism in Britain.

What strategic problems does Robin Hood have? ›

What strategic problems does Robin Hood have? Too many employees, not enough compensation or revenue. Also can't discipline them as well.

Was Robin Hood Gardens demolished? ›

It is currently partially demolished and a chunk of its ruins has been acquired by the V&A museum. Alison and Peter Smithson were prominent architects and urbanists in the second half of the twentieth century who pioneered Brutalism in Britain.

Is Robin Hood good or bad? ›

In general, Robin Hood is often portrayed as a hero who stole from the rich to give to the poor, and who fought against corrupt government officials and unjust laws. However, in reality, his actions could be seen as both heroic and criminal, depending on one's perspective.

How was Robin Hood punished? ›

Robinhood is fined $70 million over misleading customers and system outages. The fine was the largest ever imposed by the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, which is known as FINRA.

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